Siyanse ikunzwe kubintu | Ibintu bijyanye na arbutin no kwera

Mu 1998, intiti y'Ubuyapani Akiu n'abandi. gukuramo no gutandukanya arbutine mumababi ya Bearberry hanyuma ukabona ibintu bishobora kugera ku ngaruka zera. Ifite ingaruka zitandukanye za farumasi nka anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitussive, exporant, na antasthmatic. , nabwo ni inhibitori ya tyrosinase muri melanocytes yabantu, nuko ihita ihinduka umukunzi winganda zera.
Arbutin, izwi kandi nkaarbutin , ni chimique p-hydroxyphenyl-D-glucopyranoside kandi iri muburyo bwa inshinge zera zimeze nka kristu cyangwa ifu. Byoroshye gushonga mumazi ashyushye, methanol, Ethanol hamwe nigisubizo cyamazi ya propylene glycol na glycerol, ariko ntigishobora gushonga muri ether, chloroform, peteroli ether nibindi bishishwa. Inzira ya molekile ni C12H16O7, kandi imiterere yayo niyi ikurikira:

Arbutin ni molekile igizwe nitsinda kama rigizwe na hydroxyl ya polyvalent. Igisubizo cyamazi ntigifite ibara kandi kibonerana, kuburyo gifite guhuza neza kandi birashobora gukoreshwa byoroshye nkinyongera mumavuta. Mubyongeyeho, ifite imiterere myiza yubushuhe, iroroshye gukoresha hamwe na maquillage, ifite uruhu rworoshye kandi rworoshye, kandi rufite ibyumweru byera kandi bisukuye nyuma yo kubisaba. Ibiranga bigenwa nuburyo bwa polyhydroxyl glycoside.

Mubyongeyeho, arbutin igira ingaruka zidasanzwe zo kubuza melanin.
Melanin ni ikintu cyijimye cyijimye gishobora gutera ibara ryuruhu. Ikorwa na okiside ya tirozine ikoresheje tyrosinase. Turashobora kubona tyrosinase nkumusemburo nyamukuru ugabanya igipimo cya melanine muruhu. Igikorwa cya tirozine kigena ingano ya melanine yakozwe.
Nigute ushobora guhagarika ibikorwa bya catalitiki ya tyrosinase nimwe mubyerekezo byingenzi byubushakashatsi mubikorwa byera. Imiti gakondo yera nka hydroquinone (1,4-hydroquinone) irashobora guhagarika neza ibikorwa bya tyrosinase kandi ikagira ingaruka zimwe zo kwangiza uruhu. Ariko, gukoresha hanze birashobora gutera uburakari kandi birashobora gutera byoroshye kurwara uruhu, kubabara, no gukuramo. Ibimenyetso bya allergique nka dandruff na erythema birashobora no kwangiza burundu, kubwibyo gukoreshwa kwa muganga bigira aho bigarukira.

Imiterere ya arbutin isa n'iya hydroquinone. Imiterere yacyo ifite molekile imwe ya glucose kuruta hydroquinone, bigatuma ihagarara neza kandi ikangiza uruhu. Irashobora kandi guhagarika neza ibikorwa bya tyrosinase nibikorwa bya melanin. , oyat irashobora gukuraho ikizinga gusa, ariko ikagira n'ingaruka zimwe na zimwe za bagiteri na anti-inflammatory.

Ifite cytotoxicity nkeya kandi ifite umutekano muke kandi ntabwo ari uburozi kuruhu. Irashobora guhagarika neza ibikorwa bya tyrosinase kandi ikabuza gukora melanocytes. Irashobora kandi guhuza mu buryo butaziguye na tyrosinase kugirango yihutishe kubora kwa melanin. n'ibyuka bihumanya kugirango ugabanye melanine mu ruhu, bityo arbutin ninziza nziza abantu bashakisha.

Ukurikije imiterere itandukanye, arbutine irashobora kugabanywamo α-arbutin, β-arbutin na deoxyarbutin (D-arbutin).
Kubera ko α-arbutine iboneka cyane cyane muguhindura ibinyabuzima hamwe na synthesis ya enzymatique, kandi igipimo cy’umusaruro ni gito, igice kinini cya arbutine kuri ubu ku isoko ni β-arbutine, ariko ingaruka zo kwera ni nziza gusa nka α-arbutine. Kimwe cya cumi na gatanu.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ari byiza kongeramo 3% ya arbutine mu kwisiga, ibyo bikaba 90% bigira ingaruka nziza mu kohereza ibibyimba, ahantu h'ikinyugunyugu no kubitsa melanin.
Byombi α-arbutin na β-arbutine birashobora gushonga amazi, kandi imiterere ya lecithine-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-ya-arbutine,

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